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При обучении иностранному языку в колледже предусматривается и осуществляется профессионально-ориентированное обучение будущих специалистов. Его назначение – заложить основы практического владения иностранным языком в своей профессии. Все упражнения и задания построены на знакомом грамматическом материале для активного овладения лексическим минимумом профессиональной направленности. Использование данного материала на занятиях повышает мотивацию студентов к обучению, их образовательный потенциал, что, в свою очередь, способствует повышению качества профессиональной подготовки.
УСТНАЯ ТЕМА “DRIVING A CAR”
Упражнение 1. Подготовьте краткий пересказ текста. Обратите внимание на следующие слова и словосочетания. Пользуйтесь словарем.
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Driving license, hand brake, accelerator pedal, chokes, ignition, windscreen wiper, headlights, rear-view mirror, ties, to change the tire, the number plate, wheel, to start the engine, to fit the key into the ignition, to test the brakes, to repair, puncture, petrol station.
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MY FIRST CAR
All this happen when I was 18. After many unsuccessful attempts I finally got my driving license and I finally learned that I was good at sidelights and indicators, hand brakes and accelerator pedals, chokes and ignition. And finally I could buy my own car. I counted my savings and it turned out that there wasn’t enough money for the new car. And Dad couldn’t help me with money because he had problems with his business. So, Jack, my friend, suggested that I should buy a second-hand car. He said that he know a place where I could buy a cheap good car. And we went there. When I said how much money I had the dealer smiled and said that he had a very nice car for me but there were some details missing. He showed us the car and
I saw very well what details were missing: there was only one windscreen wiper, no headlights
at all, the rear-view mirror was broken, there were no seat belts and the number plate was damaged. Besides it needed to be painted and the tire on the space wheel was flat. The dealer said that the car had clocked up just over 45 000 miles and added with a smile:”Why not try her on the road?” So I opened the door, got into the car, fitted the key into the ignition and, to my surprise, managed to start the engine at once. The engine sounded healthy. I tested the brakes and we went for a short drive. I still don’t know why I bought it. Perhaps because I wanted
a car so much, perhaps Jack was so enthusiastic about it and promised me to help to repair it. The troubles began on our way to the garage. I had puncture and we had to change the tire, then I saw that the car was running low on petrol and there wasn’t any petrol station nearby. So we left the car and went on foot to the nearest bus station. It was already late when we returned home so we decided not to go back till the following morning. In the morning we returned to the place where we had left the car and brought it to the garage. And there, in the garage, I spent the next three months. Finally, the work was over and there it was, my own car, and I could drive it.
I’ve had a lot of cars since then but never since that time have I felt such joy about a car.
I remember I was constantly smiling: I was smiling when I got into the car, I was smiling when I parked it near my school, I was smiling when Nick McKemzie cried to me “Hey, Bradley, got a new car? It’ cool!” and I think that I ever smiled in my sleep that night.
Can you drive a car? Do you have a driving license? Do you think it is difficult to pass
a driving test in order to get a driving license?
Упражнение 2. Подготовьте сообщения (используя слова и выражения из учебного видео-фильма “Driving a car”):
What do you have to do for passing the driving test in Russia? Do you have to do any of these things: to make an appointment at GBDD , to study a hand book, to pay your money, to show your birth certificate or passport, to take a written test, to take a computer test, motorway driving, to take your eye test, to get your learner’s permit, to get your picture(photo) taken, to get your fingers’ print taken, doing a three-point turn, parking, night driving, doing an emergency stop.
Упражнение .3. Прослушайте историю “A Driving test” и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. How many times did Mr. Shaw take the driving test?
2 Did Mr. Shaw fail the driving test for the first time?
3. Why didn’t he pass the test?
4. What were his mistakes?
5 Did he turn left? What was the road sign?
6 What speed did Mr. Shaw drive?
7 What was the sign there?
8 What did he ask the inspector?
9 Did Mr. Shaw take the driving test for the second time?
10 Did he fail the test again?
11 What were his mistakes for that time?
12 Did he drive well or carelessly? Did he have to turn right? What was the road sign there?
13 Did he drive too quickly?
14 Did he park well?
15 What was the sign there?
16 Did Mr. Shaw return to take the driving test for the third time?
17 What did the inspector tell him that time?
18 Did he congratulate him?
19 What happened? What was the reason, that Mr. Shaw passed the test beautifully?
Упражнение 4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What do you see on the left of the policeman?
2. What do you see on the right of the policeman?
3. What does the inscription on the road sign mean?
4. What does the arrow on the road sign show?
In what direction is the street open to traffic?
5 Did the driver obey the traffic rules?
6. Why has the policeman stopped the car?
7. What is the policeman doing?
8. The driver of the car will be fined by the
policeman, won’t he?
Упражнение 5. Напишите как можно больше слов и выражений по теме:
……. …… ….. …… ………. ……
….. ….. …… motorway driving ….. ….. ….. …… ……
to take a computer test
…… ……. ……. A DRIVING LICENCE …… to study a handbook
……. …… …… …… …… …… ………
…… …… ……
to get your photo taken ….. ….. to take a written test ….. ……
…… ….. …… …… …… ……. ….. …… ……
…… …… …… ….. …… ….. …… …… …… …… ….
Упражнение 6. Вы готовитесь к сдачи экзамена. Скажите, что должен знать водитель, чтобы получить водительские права.
Упражнение 7. Проставьте артикли, где необходимо. Прочитайте текст и дайте ответ на вопрос:”What were the traffic lights invented for?”
TRAFFIC LIGHTS
The first traffic signal was invented by ….. railway signaling engineer. It was installed outside ….. Houses of Parliament in ….. 1868. It looked like any railway signal of the time, and was operated by ….. gas. However, it exploded and killed ….. policeman, and the accident discouraged further development until cars became common.
Modern traffic lights are ….. American invention. Red-green systems were installed in 1914. Three-colour signals, operated by hand from a tower in ….. middle of the street, were installed in ….. New York in 1918. ….. first lights of this type in Britain were in London in ….. junction between St. James’s Street and Piccadilly, in 1925.
In ….. past, traffic lights were special. In New York, some lights had ….. statue on the top. In Los Angeles the lights did not change just silently, but rang bells to wake the sleeping motorists of the 1930s. These are gone and have been replaced by ….. standard models, which are universally adopted.
Упражнение 8. Переведите текст, пользуясь словарём. (Технический перевод.)
TRAFFIC SIGNAL DESIGNED FOR BLIND
Japanese technology has produced a unique traffic signal that can be “seen” by blind pedestrians. The device is a steel cylinder, 37 inches high and 7 inches in diameter, which is linked to the conventional traffic system and which vibrates when the traffic light is green.
A blind pedestrian can thus determine the signal indication by touching the cylinder with his hand or cane to find out whether or not it is vibrating. The sidewalk around the intersection where one of these signal systems is installed is paved with tiles having Braille* characters which indicate that signals for the blind are in place. The complete system for an intersection consists of eight cylinders, two at a corner, for each possible direction of walking. The signal was designed by the Traffic Safety Research Centre in Okayama City. It is operated by a 74-watt AC motor.
* Braille -- a reading system for blind people that uses small raised marks that they feel with their fingers.
Упражнение 9. Переведите текст, пользуясь словарём. (Технический перевод.)
ROAD SAFETY is a complex of measures aimed at ensuring the safety of all road users.
Traffic accident (RTA) -- an event which has arisen in the course of on-road vehicle, and with its participation,
which killed or injured people, damaged vehicles, buildings, goods, or suffer a material loss.
Traffic accidents are the greatest threat to human health worldwide. According to WHO(World Health
Organization), the world annually in road accidents kill 1.2 million people and about 50 million are injured.
In the study of road safety, identify factors influencing the incidence and severity of accidents. Not every accident is “an unavoidable accident” – so, for example, according to statistics, about 5% of fatal road accidents are identified suicide as a (smaller) number of accidents are killing. Also revealed a number of other factors affecting the probability of an accident, which bear the responsibility for road users, so now is not used commonly
before the phrase “an accident on the road”, “removes” the responsibility of participants to the accident.
Fines and imprisonment are from a legal point of view the most strict forms of punishment against those responsible for traffic accidents. The purpose of all this – reducing the frequency of the violations against which they are applied, and thereby to reduce the number of accidents that are directly related to these disorders.
Yet at the moment no matter how the increased fines, most drivers just do not wear seat belts, drive through a red traffic signal, exceed the speed limit. But this is the most simple methods of preservation of life itself as a driver and passengers, as well as directly to other road users. Thus, each driver, each passenger must complywith traffic rules, to be strapped in a car equipped with safety belts, to watch the speedometer indication arrows and understand that they are doing all that not for employees of traffic police, not for the Russian government, but for preserving their own health, for preserving tranquility of their lived ones who were not with you!
Types of damage: death, injury, damage to property.
Safety features: there are active steps to prevent accidents and passive measures to reduce the consequences of accidents.
For active measures include:
Intelligent design and location of the objects of the road network.
Studies on the effect the construction of the road on the probability of an accident.
Improving the organization of movement.
Rules of the road.
Monitoring compliance with the rules of the road.
The obligatory passage of public inspection.
The passive measures include:
arrangement of car airbags, seat belt use, head restraints and child seats, increasing
the rigidity of the body, as well as the use of reinforcing elements in the front, rear
and lateral parts of the body.
EFFECT OF ROAD DESIGN ON THE PROBABILITY AND SEVERITY OF THE ACCIDENT.
At the simplest way to one lane in each direction is likely the most severe accidents due to
head-on collisions when overtaking or leaving opposite lane due to a malfunction or loss of vehicle
control by the driver due to illness or sleep. However, it should be noted that the traffic on these roads are
generally not great.
If there is a dividing strip of sufficient width or separation (barrier) fence (ограждение) head-on collision is excluded. However, in the case of the separation fence there is the probability of collision with the fence, that in some cases leads to no less serious consequences.
The construction of roads, excluding the appearance of people or animals on the roadway, greatly
reduces the likelihood of collisions with them. In particular this applies to motorways, which excluded
pedestrian crossing at the same level with the roadway.
Allocation of additional lanes for stopping and parking of vehicles, as well as to prepare for the left
or right turns reduces the probability of hitting a stationary or moving at low speed vehicles.
Equipment crossing traffic lights reduces the probability of collision of cars crossing the directions
and facilitates the transition of the carriageway pedestrians.
