Конспект урока по теме Земля - наш общий дом

Округина Лариса Анатольевна - учитель английского языка средней школы № 2 города Ярославля

Конспект урока английского языка по теме "Земля - наш общий дом" (11 класс)

УМК под ред. М.З. Биболетовой

«Английский с удовольствием»

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Цель урока:

обобщить материал по теме “Экология”

Образовательные задачи:

 повторить лексический материал по теме урока и активизировать его употребление в речи; расширить лингвистический и филологический кругозор учащихся; формировать социокультурную компетенцию учащихся;

Развивающие задачи: 

развивать умение читать и воспринимать на слух информацию, развивать монологическую и диалогическую речь учащихся, развивать способность к анализу, к догадке; развивать языковые, интеллектуальные и познавательные способности, ценностные ориентации, чувства и эмоции школьников;

Воспитательные задачи:

повышать интерес и уважительное отношение к культуре другого  народа; воспитывать толерантность;  формировать интерес к предмету, положительное отношение к учебе, к самостоятельной работе.

Средства обучения и оборудования

учебник английского языка Биболетовой М.З. для 11 класса

доска

компьютер

мультимедийный проектор

аудиозапись

презентация в Power Point

Раздаточный материал

листы с заданиями в формате А4

Предварительная подготовка

мини-проекты

стенгазеты

Режим работы

фронтальный

в группах

в парах

ХОД УРОКА

I. Организационный момент

Good morning, students. Let's begin our lesson. Today we are going to speak about ecology. The topic of our lesson is "The earth is our home".

II. Речевая разминка

Everybody knows that the problem of environment is very actual today. We read about it, speak about it and try to understand it ourselves. We study this problems at our English lessons too. Look at the board. You can see the phrases of famous people here. What can you say about them? Try to explain your understanding of them.

"The world is a fine place and worth fighting for."(Ernest Hemingway)

"To build may have to be the slow task to years. To destroy can be the thoughtless act of a single day."(Winston Churchill)

"To rebuild our civilization we must first rebuild ourselves according to the pattern laid down by life."(Alex Carrel)

"What we do for ourselves dies with us. What we do for others and the world remains and is immortal."(Albert Pine)

I want to begin our lesson with a nice poem by Harry Behn "Trees".

Trees are the kindest things I know,
They do no harm, they simply grow
And spread a shade for sleepy cows,
And gather birds among their boughs.

They give us fruit in leaves above,
And wood to make our houses of,
And leaves to burn on Halloween
And in the spring new buds of green.

They are the first when day's begun
To touch the beams of morning sun,
They are the last to hold the light
When evening changes into night.

And when a moon floats on the sky
They hum a drowsy lullaby
Of sleepy children long ago...
Trees are the kindest things I know.

We know that trees are very necessary at our planet. We get used to them and sometimes do not notice their beauty in different seasons. Besides we know that trees are very useful for us. And it is very necessary to plant trees. But why? You know the answer yourselves.

T- What does he plant who plants a tree?

S 1 - He plants cool shade and tender rain,

S 2- And seed and bud of days to be,

S 3- And years that fade and flush again;

S 4- He plants the forest's heritage;

S 5- The harvest of a coming age;

S 6- The joy that unborn eyes shall see.

S 7- These things he plants who plants a tree.

III. Активизация лексики по теме

We know that people should remember about the world in which they live always, from day to day. And there are some dates which do not allow us to forget about it.

T - What do you know about April, 22?

What are the threats our planet faces?

When and where was the first Earth day held?

What do we celebrate on June, 5?

Where does much of the world's energy come from?

How many years can we use coal, gas, oil?

What danger do acid rains have?

What is one of Europe and North America's most serious pollution problems today?

IV. Развитие коммуникативных умений в области аудирования

Now listen to the text and do the task. (ученики слушают 2 раза аудиозапись и выполняют задание)

Extinction of Animals and Plants

     Wildlife is something that man cannot construct. Once it is gone, it is gone forever. There are many species of animals that may disappear from the Earth within the next few years. They will die out and become extinct if man couldn’t help.

     For some species it is already late. The American passenger pigeon, the blue whale, the panda, the California grizzly bears, elephants, jungle cats, Asian rhinoceros are on the brink of extinction now. Many animals have gone forever, because their habitats have been destroyed at an alarming rate: 340 miles a day. These are the rainforests which are in Central and South America, Africa, Philippines, Malaysia, Australia and Madagascar. While rainforests are disappearing, so are animals and birds which live there.

     Some animals are hunted too much. Some others lose their natural nesting areas and cannot reproduce or breed. Others cannot adapt to new conditions. People cannot realize how much animals suffer. The truth is that we use animals or parts of animals for jewelry, clothes, cosmetics. A lot of expensive jewelry are made from ivory, from the horns of elephants and rhinos. Specialists think that only 2 million elephants live on the planet today. Every 10 minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect disappears. If nothing is done about it, over 1 million of species will disappear in 20 years from now.

     Fortunately, there are people who are trying to do something about it. In 1961, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) was founded – a small group of people who wanted to raise some money to save animals and plants. Today it is a large international organization. It has created or given support to National Parks in 5 continents. If more people give more money, perhaps the WWF will be able to protect the natural world.

I want you to do the following exercises:

Read the first part of the sentence in A and find the second part in B:

A

1. The American passenger pigeon, the blue whale, the panda .…

2. Some animals lose their natural nesting areas ....

3. Every 10 minutes ....

4. If more people give more money ....

B

1.…. and cannot reproduce or breed.

2.…. perhaps the WWF will be able to protect the natural world.

3.…. one kind of animal, plant or insect disappears. 

4.…. are on the brink of extinction now.

Read the beginning of the sentence and find its ending in the text:

1. There are many species of animals ….

2. While rainforests are disappearing  ….

3. People cannot realize ….

4. Fortunately, there are people ….

V. Совершенствование навыков чтения с пониманием основного содержания текста, формирование контекстуальной догадки

Now read the text and answer the questions.

(Ученики читают текст вслух, отвечают на вопросы учителя)

Water Pollution

     Oceans cover more than 70 % of the Earth’s surface. Despite the vastness of this area we know little about it. But people seem to misunderstand the importance of the ocean.

     The oceans do not belong to a single nation, but are free, open territory to be enjoyed and shared. However, too often nations are very aggressive in taking the resources of the world ocean. There is widespread pollution of coastal waters, whales and dolphins are hunted to nearly extinction, and many fishing areas are depleted. Thor Heyerdahl, a famous scientist and explorer, crossed the Atlantic Ocean. They made a voyage of 4,000 kilometers. They saw 4,000 kilometers of polluted ocean. Over 5 million tons of oil products pollute the ocean each year. About 2 million tons of these products come from cars. First the oil products go into the atmosphere and pollute it. From the atmosphere the oil products go into the oceans. Big rivers carry into the ocean a lot of the waste from industry and agriculture. Pollution means death to the ocean. It kills fish and plants.

     Another most important environmental problem is the shortage of clean water. Clean drinking water is a basic human need. But industrial pollution has made many sources of water undrinkable. Rivers, lakes and seas have become poisonous. Many ships sail in the ocean: water-fishing ships, ships carrying people, some carrying oil. If a ship loses some of the oil in the water or trash from the ships is put into the ocean, the water becomes dirty. Another problem is sewage systems. The sewage from many houses of a big city pollutes rivers and lakes and may even make them die.

    Many fish are dying in the sea, others are getting contaminated. Fishermen catch contaminated fish which may be sold and people may get sick from eating them.

     The worst problem is in the area around the Aral Sea. Cotton grown in the region needed much water, and the sea level has fallen by 14 yards. This destroyed fishing industry and led to  damage in soils, crops and wildlife.

     Lake Baikal is one of the world’s largest and most beautiful lakes. Russians call it Holy Sea. It contains a rich variety of animals and plants, including 1,300 rare species that do not exist anywhere else in the world. However, they are being destroyed by industrial wastes which some factories still pour into the lake every day.

      A few years ago people thought that the supply of fresh water was limitless. Now clean water is scarce, and we begin to respect this resource. We must protect the clean water that remains for our children and grandchildren.

What Earth’s surface do oceans cover?

Whom do the oceans belong to?

How do the nations behave in taking the resources of the world ocean?

What did Thor Heyerdahl and his team see during their voyage in the Atlantic Ocean?

Why have rivers, lakes and seas become poisonous?

What can you say about the problem of clean water today?

What fish do we eat today?

What is the problem in the area around the Aral Sea?

What do you know about the problem of Lake Baikal today?

Who is responsible for all that is happening on our planet?

VI. Музыкальная пауза

There is a nice poem "Hug the Earth". Two girls of our group made it a song. They are going to sing it for you now.

Walking along feeling free
Feeling the earth here with me
And I love her, she loves me.
I hug the Earth, the Earth hugs me.
She's our friend,
We'd like to be together forever.
The earth is a garden.
It's a beautiful place.
For all living creatures,
For all the human race.
Helping Mother Earth
We can peacefully roam.
We all deserve a place
We can call our home.
Food is a treasure from the soil and the sea.
Clean, fresh air from the plants and the trees.
The warmth of the sun giving life each day
Turns water into rain, it's nature's way.
And I would like to thank you, Mother Earth,
I like to see you dressed in green and blue 
I want to be by you. (Lorraine Bayes)

VII. Совершенствование навыков устной речи

Now it is time to make your reports and to suggest your projects on the problems interesting to you. (ученики выступают с сообщениями на интересующие их темы)

Greenpeace

In 1971, motivated by their vision of a green and peaceful world, a small team of activists set sail from Vancouver, Canada, in an old fishing boat. These activists, the founders of Greenpeace, believed a few individuals could make a difference.

Their mission was to «bear witness» to US underground nuclear testing at Amchitka, a tiny island off the West Coast of Alaska, which is one of the world's most earthquake-prone regions. Amchitka was the last refuge for 3000 endangered sea otters, and home to bald eagles, peregrine falcons and other wildlife.

Even though their old boat, was intercepted before it got to Amchitka, the journey sparked a flurry of public interest. The US still detonated the bomb, but the voice of reason had been heard. Nuclear testing on Amchitka ended that same year, and the island was later declared a bird sanctuary.

Today, Greenpeace is an international ecological organization that has 2.8 million supporters worldwide, and national as well as regional offices in 41 countries. Its headquarters are based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Greenpeace is a non-profit organization and nongovernmental. It unites people of different colours living in different continents and speaking different languages. The common mission of this organization is preserving life on the earth in its full variety.

Greenpeace does not accept donations from governments, corporations or political parties but relies on contributions from individual supporters and foundation grants. Greenpeace does not support any political party. Nevertheless, its members carry on a dialogue with all political forces and struggle for approving and passing laws for the welfare of our environment.

As a global organization, Greenpeace focuses on the most crucial worldwide threats to our planet's biodiversity and environment. It campaigns to stop climate change, save the oceans, stop whaling, say no to genetic engineering, stop the nuclear threat, eliminate toxic chemicals.

The goal of Greenpeace is to expose environmental criminals, and to challenge government and corporations when they fail to live up to their mandate to safeguard our environment and our future.

The Hole in the Ozone Layer

Discovery of the hole in the ozone layer showed that human activity has a major impact on the Earth. The damage of ozone in the stratosphere high above the planet's surface has been brought about as the result of the widespread use of chemicals, which under normal conditions are chemically inert and harmless.

Ozone occurs at all levels in the atmosphere, but most of it is found in the stratosphere, between about 15-50 kilometres above the Earth's surface, where it plays a very important role. Ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun- Ultraviolet radiation can damage cells of living things — plants, animals and people. Whereas small doses result in nothing worse than sunburn, larger amounts may cause cataracts or skin cancer, and can affect the growth of plants.

The damage of ozone has been caused by complex chemical reactions involving chlorine and bromine. Large amounts of gas called CFCs were produced in twentieth century for use in everyday appliances like fridges, aerosol spray cans, and fire extinguishers. At ground level, these compounds are chemically non-reactive. However they are carried on wind systems up into the high atmosphere, where the ozone layer is. CFCs can be broken up by the intense sunlight, but before their destruction CFCs gases become reactive and damage the ozone layer.

The hole in the ozone layer is formed over the Antarctic continent each spring. During the long dark Antarctic winter, the atmosphere becomes colder than anywhere else on the Earth. Strong winds enclose the cold air above the Antarctic, allowing ice clouds to form. The ice crystals provide the sites where chlorine reacts with ozone when sunlight returns in the spring, and results in the ozone hole.

In early summer the ozone hole mixes with the rest of the air mass of the stratosphere. Over the past years, the concentrations of chlorine in the atmosphere have been steadily increasing, and as a result — more ozone has been destroyed.

Ozone itself is a useful protective layer high above our heads, but in the cities is pollutant agent. The CFCs have other effects too. As well as contributing to the breakdown of ozone, CFCs are also very effective in providing «greenhouse effect», contributing to a gradual warming of the atmosphere. However, the possible change in climate resulting from increases in various greenhouse gases might actually make the stratosphere colder, not warmer.

Governments of many countries agreed in 1987 to the Montreal Protocol in an effort to reduce the amount of CFCs, and so protect the ozone layer. Since then, more countries have signed it, and more substances included for control. As a result, the amount of chlorine and bromine in the atmosphere is decreasing. With less chlorine in the atmosphere the ozone hole should become smaller, and eventually close up, but it might take 20-30 years.

VIII. Подведение итогов урока (учитель оценивает работу учащихся, выставляет оценки и задает домашнее задание)

Our lesson is over. Your homework is to write a letter to your friend about the state of the environment in your region.

Thank you for your work. Have a nice day. Good bye.

(звучит песня " Hug the Earth ")