План – конспект урока
«Политическая система США»
Цели: формировать лексические навыки чтения и говорения по теме «Политическая система США»; практиковать учащихся в письме, чтении; развивать умения детально воспринимать информацию на слух; познакомить учащихся с основами президентской республики;
формировать понимание того, что ещё, кроме демократически избранного президента важно для развития реальной демократии; воспитывать уважительное отношение к иноязычной культуре.
Ход урока
Оргмомент.
Работа с лексикой.
1.Фонетическая зарядка.
[t]- a cabinet, a parliament, to appoint, to vote, a government;
[p]- to pass, a programme;
[r]-to revise, to rule, royal, to approve;
[d]- to determine, to delay, democracy, democratic.
№ 2. Соотнести английский и русский варианты.
1 legislative а власть
2 executive в исполнительный
3 power с законодательный
4 majority d большинство
5 sign е подписывать
6 challenge f подвергать сомнению
№ 3. Вставить пропущенные буквы.
s.gn, monar..y, opposi..on, disc.ss, r.le, e.amine, .lect, h.use, ro.al, .ppoint
3. Перевести слова и словосочетания.
A bill, to appoint, a law, to rule, the prime-minister, the government, a constitution, a cabinet, to pass, democracy.
III. Peчевая зарядка по теме «Политическая система Великобритании»
Who is the head of state in the UK?
The head of the government is a prime-minister, isn’t he?
How many houses are there in the parliament?
How many members has the House of Lords?
How many members has the House of Commons?
Does the monarch make laws?........
V. Изучение нового материала.
1.What do you imagine when you think of the political system of the USA and its people?
White House
Barack Obama
the Senate
Congress
2. Now the president of the USA is Barack Obama. Americans want to be proud of their president as well as their country. They like him to be good-looking, religious, and a good family man. They want him to be strong, to be a good talker, and to be confident about the future. What do you know about Barack Hussein Obama II , the American president of today? Let’s do Barack Obama quick quiz.
1). In which state was B.Obama born?
a. Texas b. Ohio c Hawaii
2). Which university did he graduate from?
a. Harvard b. Yale c. Columbia University
3) What are the names of his daughters?
a. Barbara and Jenna b. Malia and Sasha c. Julia and Pamela
4). What kind of dog does he have?
a. Labrador b. Scottish Terrier c. [link]
5) What is Mrs Obama`s name?
a. Michelle b. Lena c. Laura
6) When was B. Obama first elected?
a. 1999 b. 2000 c.2008
3. Aудирование текста «Политическая система США»
Now listen to the text about the political system of the USA and say what facts about it there are in the information.
The United States of America is a presidential republic. So, the President is the head of state . But the President is elected directly by the people and he is not a member of the American parliament, Congress.
Congress, the legislative branch of the federal government , is made up of the Senate and the Houses of Representatives.
There are 100 senators , two for each state. The House has 435 members, the number of Representatives from each state depends on its population . Congress makes laws and each house of Congress can introduce a new project. Each can vote against the project passed by the other. If both houses agree the project becomes law.
The president and his administration represent the executive branch of the federal government. The Administration includes the Secretaries who are heads of the executive departments. Each department is responsible for a specific area. The president appoints the Secretaries but the Senate must approve his appointments.
The legislative and the executive branches of government are involved in the system of checks and balances.
IV Чтение с пометками по теме «Политическая система США»
The United States of America is a presidential republic consisting of fifty states, each of which has its own government. The present constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia. The president is the head of state and t he government there, he is elected directly by the people and he is not a member of the American parliament, Congress. The president is elected for four years, he appoints the Secretaries. Congress consists of 2 houses, the House of Commons and the Senate.
Elections to the House of Representatives take place every 2 years. The House has 435 ( four hundred and thirty –five) members. There are 100 ( one hundred) senators ( two from each state). In the USA Congress makes laws .The senators are elected to serve for a period of 6 years.
Election day is always in the month of November, on the first Tuesday after the first Monday.
Americans who are not yet 25 have no right to be elected to the House of Representatives, and those who are under 30 cannot be elected to the Senate. In the USA there are 2 main political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.
In the USA the legislative branch is Congress and the executive branch is the president and his Administration.
To consist of- состоять main -главный
To proclaim- провозглашать executive -исполнительный
Directly- прямо legislative- законодательный
To elect- избирать
To take place- проходить
Закрепление нового материала.
VII. Домашнее задание.
Сделать сравнительную характеристику политических систем Великобритании и США
Political System of the USA
Washington, the capital of the United States, is situated on the Potomac River in the District of Columbia. The district is a piece of land which doesn't belong to any state but to all the states. Under the Constitution, the federal government is divided into three branches. The legislative power is vested in Congress and made up of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are 435 members in the House of Representatives and 100 senators. Each state elects two members of the 100-member Senate.
The executive branch is headed by the President, who proposes bills to Congress, enforces federal laws, serves as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and with the approval of the Senate, makes treaties. President can veto a bill unless Congress by a two-thirds vote shall overrule him.
The vice President, elected from the same political party as the President, acts as chairman of the Senate, and in the event of the death of the President assumes the Presidency. The judicial branch is made up of Federal District Courts, 11 Federal Courts and the Supreme Court. Federal judges are appointed by the President for life. Federal courts decide cases involving federal law, conflicts between citizens of different states. The Supreme Court may rule the law to be unconstitutional.
Now about the elections. The President is chosen in nation-wide elections every 4 years together with the Vice-President. Constitution has been amended 26 times. The Bill of Rights guarantees individual liberties: freedom of speech, religion and so on. Later amendments abolished slavery, granted the right to vote to women and allowed citizens to vote at age 18.
Political System of Great Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.
Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power. The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions.
The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 have the right to vote.
Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area.
The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet. The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.
The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council.
It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice.
But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law.
Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.
VIII. Рефлексия.
1. Территория современных США была открыта в 1497 году английским мореплавателем. Назовите его имя. (Джон Кабот)
2. За создание первых русских поселений в Америке и содействие исследования и освоения Аляски, его называли российским Колумбом. Назовите его и место его рождения. (наш земляк - Г.И. Шелихов. г.Рыльск Курской губернии)
3. Какое происхождение на севере материка имеют такие формы рельефа, как моренные гряды, троговые долины, озовые гряды, камы? (ледниковые)
4. Горная система протянувшаяся вдоль побережья Тихого океана. (Кордильеры)
5. Крупный залив на юге материка. Здесь берет начало Гольфстрим. (Мексиканский)
6. Самая крупная река Северной Америки. (Миссисипи)
7. Водопад, который расположен на территории двух государств Канады и США. (Ниагарский водопад)
8. Невысокие полуразрушенные горы на востоке материка. (Аппалачи)
9. Перечислите названия Великих Американских озер. (Верхнее, Мичиган, Гурон, Эри, Онтарио)
10. Дерево, самое высокое на земле, а семена одни из самых мелких среди представителей растительного мира /секвойя/
11. Название какого полуострова Северной Америки переводится как «цветущий»? (Флорида)
12. Назовите государства, с которыми США имеет общую сухопутную границу. (Канада, Мексика)
13. Какая страна является самым близким «заморским» соседом США? (Россия)
14. Острова в Тихом океане, являющиеся частью страны. (Гавайские)
15. Самая высокая точка материка. (гора Мак-Кинли)
16. В каком году царское правительство продало Аляску США? (в 1867 г.)
17. В каком проливе проходит морская граница США и России? (Беринговом)
18. Природа создала его на реке Колорадо. Величайший на Земле он имеет глубину до 1800 метров. О чём идет речь? (о каньоне)
Where is the USA situated?
What is the area of the USA ?
What is the population of the country?
What is the official language?
What are the main cities of the country?
What kind of state is the USA ?
Who is the head of the country?
