Предлоги (the prepositions) – это служебные слова, которые стоят перед существительными или местоимениями. Основные предлоги в английском языке следующие:
1.Предлоги места:
1) on – на, в (где?) – The pen is the desk.
in – в (где?) – The pen is in bag.
at – за, у, в (где?) – The boy was at the table (at school, at the door).
by – около, у (где?) – There is a sofa by the window.
above – над (где?) – There was a picture above the table.
under – под (где?) – There is a ball under my table.
behind – за, сзади (где?) – There are many apple-trees behind our house.
below – внизу (где?) – The sentence is written below.
near – около (где?) – The car is near the house.
in front of – перед (где?) – There is a garden in front of the house.
between – между (где?) – There is a sofa between the windows.
to – к, в (куда?) – He likes to go to the park.
into – в, внутрь (куда?) – Put your book into your bag.
out of – из (откуда?) – Take the book out of the bag.
from – от (откуда?) – She comes home from school at 2 o'clock.
Все вышеуказанные предлоги можно назвать предлогами места.
2) Следующие предлоги можно назвать предлогами времени:
at – в – He comes home at 5 o'clock
in – через – He'll come in two days.
on – с днями, датами – He'll come on Sunday.
3) Предлоги, выражающие те значения, которые в русском языке передаются окончаниями косвенных падежей:
of – родительный падеж – This is a bag of my sister.
to – дательный падеж – He gave a pen to my sister.
by, with – творительный падеж – The story is written by Dovlatov. I write with a pen.
about – предложный падеж – He told me about his family.
