Свойства предметов
Цвет
☻☻
▲▐ ■ ●
Форма
[pic] [pic]
▲▲ ▲
Размер
[pic] [pic] [pic]
■ ■ ■
Сравнение групп предметов
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] = [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] ≠ [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] = [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] ≠ [pic] [pic] [pic]
Сложение
■■■ +▲▲ = ■■■ ▲▲
сумма сумма
(выражение) (результат)
■■■ +▲▲ = ▲▲+ ■■■
К + Т = Т + К
Вычитание
■■■ ▲▲ – ▲ = ■■■ ▲
разность разность
(выражение) (результат)
Столько же
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
3 = 3
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
4 = 4
Больше, меньше, равно.
> - больше [pic] [pic] → [pic]
[pic] [pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
5 > 3
< - меньше
= - равно
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
[pic] → [pic]
3 = 3
[pic] →
[pic] →
[pic] →
3 <
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic]
[pic]
5
Многоугольники
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic]
Точки
.А
.М
.В .Р
Замкнутые
линии
[pic]
[pic]
Незамкнутые
линии
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
Компоненты сложения
[pic] [pic]
[pic] 4 + 2 = 6
________________________________________
[pic]
Компоненты вычитания
[pic] [pic]
[pic] 6 – 4 = 2
________________________________________
[pic]
Ломаные линии
[pic] Замкнутые линии [pic] А Б
АБВГ
Г В
С Е
СЕЛД
Д Л
Незамкнутые линии
П
[pic] И
[pic] [pic] Р
[pic] [pic] З М
К
ПИРМЗК
Римские цифры
I – один
V – пять
X – десять
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
Задача
УСЛОВИЕ У Кати [pic] [pic] [pic] ,
у Саши [pic] [pic] .
ВОПРОС
Сколько цветов у Кати и Саши?
СХЕМА
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] ?
К. С.
3 цв. 2 цв.
ВЫРАЖЕНИЕ
3 + 2
РЕШЕНИЕ
3 + 2 = 5 (цв.)
ОТВЕТ
Ответ: 5 цветов.
Сравнение
● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
На сколько больше? 8 – 5 = 3
На сколько меньше? 8 – 5 = 3
Надо из большего числа вычесть меньшее.
Периметр –
сумма длин сторон многоугольника.
[pic] 6 см
2 см 2 см
6см
Р = 2 + 6 + 2 + 6
Р = 14 см
Величины
Длина [pic]
Масса
[pic] [pic] [pic]
Объём
[pic] [pic]
Единицы
длины:
1 см
1 дм
1дм = 10см
массы:
1 кг
объёма:
1 л
Переместительное
свойство сложения
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 3 + 4 = 7
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 4 + 3 = 7
От перестановки слагаемых значение суммы не изменяется.
Уравнения
[pic] 3 кг х 7 кг
[pic] [pic]
[pic]
[pic] [pic] 3 + х = 7 х + 3 = 7
х = 7 – 3 х = 7 – 3
х = 4 х = 4
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] – х =
– [pic] х = 3
х = 4 – 3
х = 1
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] х – =
[pic] х – 5 = 2
х = 5 + 2
х = 7
Круглые числа
1 д = = 10
десять
[pic] [pic] 2 д = = 20
двадцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] 3 д = = 30
тридцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 4 д = = 40
сорок
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 5 д = = 50
пятьдесят
[pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] 6 д = = 60
шестьдесят
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] 7 д = = 70
семьдесят
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 8 д = = 80
восемьдесят
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 9 д = = 90
девяносто
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
1 [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 0 д = =100
сто
Сложение и вычитание
круглых чисел
20 + 40
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] + =
2 д + 4 д = 6 д 20 + 40 = 60
70 - 50
־ [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] =
7 д – 5 д = 2 д 70 – 50 = 20
Счёт десятками и единицами
[pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] + =
2 д 2 е + 2 д 3 е = 4 д 5 е
2дм 2см + 2дм 3см = 4 дм 5см
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] – =
4 д 6 е – 1 д 2 е = 3 д 4 е
4дм 6см – 1дм 2см = 3дм 4см
Нумерация двузначных чисел
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] = 2д 3е = 23
двадцать три
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] = 4д 4е = 44
сорок четыре
[pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] = 5д 0е = 50
пятьдесят
Названия чисел до двадцати
- 1 д 0 е
10 – десять
[pic]
[pic] - 1 д 1 е
11 – одиннадцать
[pic] - 1 д 2 е [pic] [pic]
12 – двенадцать
[pic] - 1 д 3 е [pic] [pic] [pic]
13 – тринадцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] - 1 д 4 е
14 – четырнадцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] - 1 д 5 е
15 – пятнадцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
- 1 д 6 е [pic] [pic] [pic]
16 – шестнадцать
- 1 д 7 е [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic]
17 – семнадцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] - 1 д 8 е
18 – восемнадцать
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] - 1 д 9 е
19 – девятнадцать
Сложение двузначных чисел
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] + =
34 + 25 = 59
Чтобы сложить
двузначные числа, надо
к десяткам прибавить десятки,
а к единицам – единицы.
Вычитание двузначных чисел
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] – =
54 – 31 = 23
Чтобы вычесть
двузначные числа, надо
из десятков вычесть десятки,
а из единиц – единицы.
Сложение
с переходом через разряд
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] + =
7 + 5 = 7 + 3 + 2 = 10 + 2
[pic] Вычитание
с переходом через разряд
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] – =
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] 12 – 5 = 12 – 2 – 3 = 7
2 3
5 – пять
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
3 и 2 [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
2 и 3
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
1 и 4
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
4 и 1
6 – шесть
[pic]
[pic]
3 и 3
[pic] [pic] [pic]
4 [pic] [pic] [pic] и 2
2 и 4
[pic]
[pic] [pic]
5 и 1
[pic] [pic] [pic] 1 и 5
7 – семь
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] 4 и 3
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 3 и 4
[pic] [pic] [pic]
2 и 5
[pic] [pic] [pic]
5 и 2
[pic]
[pic]
[pic]
1 и 6
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] 6 и 1
8 – восемь
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
4 и 4
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 5 и 3
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 3 и 5
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 6 и 2
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 2 и 6
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 1 и 7
[pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] 7 и 1
9 – девять
[pic] [pic] [pic]
8 и 1 1 и 8
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
6 и 3 3 и 6
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] 4 и 5 5 и 4
[pic] [pic]
2 и 7 7 и 2
[pic] [pic] 10 – десять
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] 5 и 5
[pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic]
[pic] [pic] 4 и 6 6 и 4
[pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic]
2 и 8 8 и 2
[pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic]
7 и 3 3 и 7
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic]
1 и 9 9 и 1
4 – четыре
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]
2 и 2
[pic] [pic]
[pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 3 и 1
1 и 3
3 – три
[pic]
[pic] [pic]
1 и 2
[pic] [pic]
2 и 1
Состав чисел
[pic] [pic] [pic]
4 5 6
[pic] [pic] [pic] 2 2 3 2 3 3
[pic] [pic] [pic] 1 3 2 3 2 4
[pic] [pic] [pic] 3 1 1 4 4 2
[pic] [pic] 4 1 1 5
Состав чисел
[pic]
[pic]
7 8
[pic] [pic] 4 3 4 4
[pic] [pic] 1 6 5 3
[pic] [pic] 5 2 2 6
[pic] 1 7
Состав чисел
[pic] [pic]
9 10
[pic] [pic] 5 4 5 5
[pic] [pic] 2 7 6 4
[pic] [pic] 3 6 2 8
[pic] [pic] 1 8 3 6
